PERCHLORIC ACID
PERCHLORIC ACID - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Perchloric acid |
| Synonyms | Perchloric acid Perchloric acid, p.a. PROTEIN MW MARK. MIDLOW RANGE Perchloric Acid, Normality about 12 Perchloric acid, 0.1 M Solution in Acetic Acid Perchloric acid solution, Volumetric, 0.01 M HClO4 in acetic acid (0.01N), for titration in non-aqueous liquids |
| CAS | 7601-90-3 |
| EINECS | 231-512-4 |
| InChI | InChI=1/2ClHO4.2H2O/c2*2-1(3,4)5;;/h2*(H,2,3,4,5);2*1H2 |
| InChIKey | VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
PERCHLORIC ACID - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | ClHO4 |
| Molar Mass | 100.46 |
| Density | 1.664g/mLat 25°C |
| Melting Point | -18 °C |
| Boling Point | 203 °C |
| Flash Point | 104°F |
| Water Solubility | Miscible with water. |
| Vapor Presure | 6.8 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
| Vapor Density | ~2.1 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Solution |
| Specific Gravity | approximate 1.54 |
| Color | APHA: ≤10 |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Merck | 14,7153 |
| pKa | -7[at 20 ℃] |
| PH | 0.1 (H2O, 20°C) |
| Storage Condition | Flammables area |
| Stability | Stable. Avoid heat. May form explosive peroxides. Incompatible with a wide variety of substances, including organic materials, alcohols, amines, strong acids, strong bases, acid anhydrides |
| Refractive Index | 1.419 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless and unstable micro-fuming liquid |
| Use | Used as oxidant, Catalyst, solvent, explosive, etc |
PERCHLORIC ACID - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Sodium Chlorate Hydrochloric acid |
| Downstream Products | Perchloric acid Dicumyl peroxide |
PERCHLORIC ACID - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
A colorless and unstable micro-fuming liquid. The relative density was 1. 764. Melting Point -112 °c. Boiling point 39 °c (7466. 032Pa). Decomposition started when heated to about 90 °c. Anhydrous perchloric acid is very unstable, can not be prepared under normal pressure, generally can only be prepared hydrate. Very soluble in water, can be miscible with water in any proportion, the aqueous solution has good conductivity. It is a strong acid and a strong oxidant, which is highly corrosive and can destroy organic materials. In case of contact with some organic substances, it is easy to cause explosion under the condition of heat. It can react with iron, copper, zinc and the like to form oxides, and yellow phosphorus and sulfur can be oxidized to phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid respectively.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
PERCHLORIC ACID - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:00:22
PERCHLORIC ACID - Application
Open Data Verified Data
widely used in chemical analysis reagents. Also used in the electroplating industry, film, artificial diamond industry, electro-polishing industry and the pharmaceutical industry. It is also used in the production of grinding wheels to remove carbon particle impurities. Used as a strong oxidant. It is also used in the production of fireworks and explosives. 50% perchloric acid as propylene
Solvents for Nitrile polymers. It is a raw material for the manufacture of certain metal perchlorates.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
PERCHLORIC ACID - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
in glass bottles, each net weight skg, externally packed in wooden boxes, each box containing 4 bottles filled with vermiculite; Or in plastic barrels, each net weight 25kg. The package shall be marked with "corrosion product. Grade I inorganic acid corrosion article, risk code: perchloric acid (content 50% ~ 72%) is listed in Class 5.1, perchloric acid (content ≤ 50%) is listed in class 8.1 81022,UN N0 1802;IMDG CODE P. 8200, class 8.1. Collateral Hazard Class 5.1. (The content of more than 72% of the high oxygen acid is not allowed to transport.) Should be stored in a cool, ventilated, dry warehouse. The packaging must be sealed. Not with organic matter, reducing agent, flammable materials such as sulfur, phosphorus and other co-storage and transportation. During the transport process to protect against heat, sun protection, against severe oscillation, not inverted. When loading and unloading should be light to prevent packaging rupture. When there is a fire, it can be suppressed by water mist, sand and various kinds of fire extinguishing. Fire-fighting equipment must be worn by fire-fighting personnel to prevent contact between the solution and the skin. Toxicity and protection: LD50 llOOmg/kg (rat, oral);400mg/kg (dog, oral). This product has a strong corrosive, strong irritation, skin and mucous membrane contact, eating or inhalation, causing strong irritation symptoms, and can cause human burns. Perchloric acid smoke is irritating to the skin and mucous membranes, especially the eyes and nasal mucosa. If accidentally spattering on the skin, should be immediately washed with plenty of water and soap water, if splash into the eyes, quickly with warm water or Dilute boric acid water rinse 15min, severe cases should be immediately sent to the hospital for treatment. Production personnel should wear polyethylene work clothes, wear protective masks, latex gloves and other labor protection articles to protect the respiratory organs, eyes and skin. Production equipment should be closed, workshop ventilation should be good.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:00:23
PERCHLORIC ACID - Reference Information
| LogP | -4.62 |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| toxicity | perchloric acid smoke is irritating to the skin and mucous membranes, especially the eyes and nasal mucosa. If you accidentally spatter on the skin, you should immediately rinse with plenty of water and soap water; If you splash into the eyes, quickly rinse with warm water or Dilute boric acid water for 15min, severe cases should be immediately sent to the hospital for treatment. Production personnel should wear work clothes, protective masks, latex gloves and other labor protection articles to protect the respiratory organs, eyes and skin. Production equipment should be closed, workshop ventilation should be good. |
| Use | perchloric acid is a raw material for the manufacture of metal perchlorate. It can be used in electroplating industry, film, artificial diamond industry, electro-polishing industry and pharmaceutical industry. It is also used in the production of grinding wheels to remove carbon particle impurities. Used as a strong oxidant, Catalyst, solvent, etc. It is also used in the production of fireworks and explosives. 50% perchloric acid was used as solvent for acrylonitrile polymer. Can be used as chemical analysis reagents. |
| production method | sodium perchlorate method sodium chlorate is added with water in the dissolution tank, and steam is introduced to dissolve at 45~50 ℃, after being saturated, barium hydroxide was added to remove impurities such as chromate. After pressure filtration, the clear liquid was sent to electrolysis to obtain sodium perchlorate. Add sodium perchlorate to the reactor, and then add 31% hydrochloric acid (the amount of 110% ~ 120% of the theoretical amount) for double decomposition reaction to generate perchloric acid, and filter to remove sodium chloride crystals, the filtrate was concentrated by evaporation to a perchloric acid content of more than 60%, and industrial perchloric acid was obtained. Its NaClO3 + H2O → NaClO4 + H2 nacnaclo4 + HCl → HclO4 + NaCI |
| category | oxidant |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50:1100 mg/kg |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive |
| flammability hazard characteristics | combustion; Toxic chloride fumes from combustion |
| storage and transportation characteristics | light weight; Warehouse ventilation, away from open flame, high temperature, sunlight; And reducing agent, separate storage of combustible materials |
| fire extinguishing agent | water, foam, carbon dioxide mist |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 1 mg/m3; Tel 2 mg/m3 |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 485°C |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 19:05:15
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